Artificial Intelligence in Public Health: A Review Article

Authors

  • Hridi Hedayet Research Officer, Department of Public Health and Informatics Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
  • Fariha Haseen Associate Professor, Head, Division of Reproductive and Child Health, Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62865/bjbio.v15i2.108

Keywords:

artificial intelligence, public health, academia, research

Abstract

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, such as learning, reasoning, and problem-solving. AI has the potential to transform the field of public health, which is concerned with promoting and protecting the health of populations and preventing diseases. AI can help public health organizations perform their essential functions more efficiently, effectively, and equitably; AI can transform the public health field, but it also poses some challenges and risks that must be addressed carefully and responsibly. Objectives: This paper reviews the current and potential applications of AI in public health, discusses the opportunities and challenges of AI for public health, and provides recommendations for the ethical and responsible use of AI in public health. Results: AI can improve the speed and accuracy of diagnosis, screening, and treatment of various diseases and support disease surveillance, outbreak response, and health systems management. However, AI poses significant challenges and risks, such as ethical, legal, and social implications, data quality and security, algorithmic bias and fairness, and environmental impact. Conclusion: AI has the potential to revolutionize public health, but it comes with risks that must be addressed. Promoting digital literacy, establishing modern data governance frameworks, and investing in advanced data infrastructure and procedures are essential. Public health organizations must also train their workforce to collaborate with AI. By doing so, they can improve health outcomes, reduce health disparities, and advance public health science and practice.

Author Biographies

Hridi Hedayet, Research Officer, Department of Public Health and Informatics Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

MBBS, MPH.

ORCID ID: http://doi.org/0000-0002-7708-0614

Fariha Haseen, Associate Professor, Head, Division of Reproductive and Child Health, Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

MBBS, MPH, MA, PhD, 

ORCID ID: http://doi.org/0000-0001-5369-573X

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Published

2024-07-01

How to Cite

1.
Hedayet H, Haseen F. Artificial Intelligence in Public Health: A Review Article. BJBio [Internet]. 2024 Jul. 1 [cited 2024 Oct. 7];15(2):15-9. Available from: http://bjbio.bioethics.org.bd/index.php/BJBio/article/view/108